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Women's health

Abnormal vaginal bleeding

Abnormal or irregular vaginal bleeding can be bleeding that is heavier or longer than usual, bleeding that happens as part of your period but is irregular, or bleeding in between periods. It can be caused by infection or hormonal changes, but can also be a symptom of more serious problems.

Abortion (termination of pregnancy)

If you are pregnant and do not want to continue with the pregnancy, you have the option of an abortion. This is a well-established, safe health care procedure. It is a free service for most New Zealand citizens and residents.

Bacterial vaginosis

An overgrowth of bugs (bacteria) that are normally found in the vagina in small numbers.

Bartholin's gland - cysts and abscess

The Bartholin’s glands make small amounts of fluid. If a cyst forms in the Bartholin’s gland it can cause a lump that may be painless or may cause pain and discomfort in the vulva. If infected, it becomes an abscess.

Breast cancer

Breast cancer is when abnormal cells in the breast begin to grow and eventually form a growth (tumour) which can spread within and beyond the breast.

Breast lumps

Breast lumps have many different causes, and most breast lumps are not cancer. If you find a lump in your breast, you should see your healthcare provider as soon as possible.

Breast pain

Breast pain (mastalgia) is a common problem. Most women have it at some time in their lives. It is not usually a reason to worry. Most often it is caused by hormonal changes rather than breast cancer or other serious problems. But if you are worried, see your healthcare provider for a check up.

Breast screening

45 to 69 year olds

If you are between ages 45 and 69 find out about getting a free mammogram with BreastScreen Aotearoa every 2 years.

Cervical polyps

Cervical polyps are small, irregular growths on your cervix. They are almost always non-cancerous (benign). They are usually found during a cervical screening test.

Cervical screening

25 to 69 year olds

If you are between ages 25 and 69 find out about getting cervical screening in Aotearoa New Zealand.

Contraception

Learn about different contraception types, and the emergency contraceptive pill.

Endometriosis

Endometriosis is a condition where tissue similar to the lining inside your womb (uterus) starts to grow in other parts of your body.

Female pelvic mesh

Pelvic mesh symptoms and complications, treatment and care options.

Fibroids

Fibroids are benign (non-cancerous) tumours that grow in the walls of the uterus. They are a common condition affecting women. They range in size and it is possible to have more than one.

Menopause

Menopause is a natural process that happens to all women. It happens when your ovaries stop releasing eggs. This means your levels of estrogen and progesterone change. The lining of your womb (uterus) stays thin and eventually your periods stop. This can happen suddenly or over several years as your periods become more irregular and then stop completely.

Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a condition that causes your bones to be thinner and weaker than normal. This means they can break (fracture) easily.

Ovarian cancer

Ovarian cancer includes tumours of the ovaries (where eggs form and oestrogen and progesterone are made) and tumours in the fallopian tubes and lining of the abdominal cavity.

Ovarian cysts

Ovarian cysts are sacks that form in or on your ovary and are filled with fluid. They are quite common, especially younger women. They are not usually painful.

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

An infection of the uterus (womb), fallopian tubes or ovaries.

Pelvic floor exercises

If your pelvic floor muscles are weak, you can have problems with wee or poo leakage and other issues. You can exercise your pelvic floor muscles to help reduce or avoid these problems.

Pelvic organ prolapse

A pelvic organ prolapse happens when the tissues and muscle that support your pelvic organs become weak. This can cause one of your organs to drop down and bulge into your vagina.

Periods

Your period is part of your menstrual cycle and is normal vaginal bleeding. Each month you shed the lining of your uterus, some tissue and blood through your vagina.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition that affects the way your ovaries work. It can make it difficult to get pregnant and cause physical symptoms.

Stress urinary incontinence

Stress urinary incontinence is a condition that causes your bladder to leak wee (urine). There are surgical and non-surgical options for treatment.

Tubal ligation

You can choose to be sterilised if you no longer want to be able to have children. In women, this is done through a procedure called a tubal ligation.

Understanding your vaginal swab results

Vaginal swabs are taken to test for infections or as part of a check-up. You may be able to take the swab yourself.

Vaginal thrush

Vaginal thrush (candida) is a common yeast infection in your vagina. It can cause itching and discharge. While usually easily treated, in some people it can keep coming back.

Vaginal dryness

Dryness in your vagina is a common symptom that affects most women at some time. There are several possible causes for vaginal dryness. It can be improved with self care and treatment.

Vaginal moisturisers and lubricants

Vaginal moisturisers and lubricants can relieve symptoms of vaginal dryness. They have different uses and are safe to use long term. You can use vaginal moisturisers and lubricants together.
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